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Diane Ravitch

American historian of education and public-school advocate whose nonfiction examines school reform, testing, curriculum, privatization and the history of public education.

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About Diane Ravitch

Diane Ravitch is a historian of education whose career has moved between scholarship, government and public advocacy. She earned a doctorate in history from Columbia University, taught at Teachers College and was a research professor at New York University from 1995 to 2020. From 1991 to 1993, she served as assistant secretary of education under President George H. W. Bush.

Her nonfiction places current policy disputes within the long history of American schooling. The Great School Wars examines conflicts surrounding New York City’s public schools, while Left Back follows a century of competing reform movements. Written for readers beyond the academy, her books combine historical evidence with clear arguments about curriculum, standards, testing and control of schools.

The Death and Life of the Great American School System marked a major change in Ravitch’s public position. In it, she reassesses policies she once supported and argues that high-stakes testing, school choice and market competition were weakening public education. Later books, including Reign of Error and Slaying Goliath, continued her case against privatization. Ravitch was elected to the National Academy of Education in 1979 and is now an emeritus member. She received the American Academy of Political and Social Science’s Daniel Patrick Moynihan Prize in 2011.

Start with The Death and Life of the Great American School System. It offers the clearest introduction to her mature arguments while showing how a former policy insider came to reconsider the reform agenda she had helped promote.

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The Death and Life of the Great American School System

In this critique of American education reform, historian and former federal education official Diane Ravitch reassesses policies she once supported. She argues that standards-based reform lost its educational purpose when standards became inseparable from high-stakes testing, sanctions, and numerical targets. She also questions whether charter schools, school choice, mayoral control, private management, and business-style accountability can deliver the broad improvements their advocates promise. Drawing on federal policy and reform campaigns in cities including New York and San Diego, Ravitch examines how incentives can narrow curricula, encourage manipulation of results, destabilize schools, and weaken trust in teachers. The book is both a policy argument and an intellectual self-correction: Ravitch explains why she changed her mind about central elements of the reform movement. Her alternative emphasizes a coherent curriculum, knowledgeable teachers, strong neighborhood schools, app…

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